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Search JLPT Guide/JLPT N1 Vocabulary/Row Ka Language Download PDF Watch Edit < JLPT Guide | JLPT N1 Vocabulary ไปฎ, ใ‹ -tentative, provisional ็ง‘, ใ‹ -department, section ๅ€‹, ใ‹ -article counter ไธ‹ไฝ, ใ‹ใ„ -low rank, subordinate, lower order (e.g. byte) ๆ”นๆ‚ช, ใ‹ใ„ใ‚ใ -deterioration, changing for the worse ๆตท้‹, ใ‹ใ„ใ†ใ‚“ -maritime, marine transportation ๆ”น้ฉ, ใ‹ใ„ใ‹ใ -reform, reformation, innovation ่ฒๆฎป, ใ‹ใ„ใŒใ‚‰ -shell ้šŽ็ดš, ใ‹ใ„ใใ‚…ใ† -class, rank, grade ๆตทๅณก, ใ‹ใ„ใใ‚‡ใ† -channel ไผš่ฆ‹, ใ‹ใ„ใ‘ใ‚“ -interview, audience ไป‹่ญท, ใ‹ใ„ใ” -nursing ้–‹ๅ‚ฌ, ใ‹ใ„ใ•ใ„ -holding a meeting, open an exhibition ๅ›žๅŽ, ใ‹ใ„ใ—ใ‚…ใ† -collection, recovery ๆ”นไฟฎ, ใ‹ใ„ใ—ใ‚…ใ† -repair, improvement ๆ€ช็ฃ, ใ‹ใ„ใ˜ใ‚…ใ† -monster ่งฃ้™ค, ใ‹ใ„ใ˜ใ‚‡ -cancellation, rescinding, release, calling off ๅ›ž้€, ใ‹ใ„ใใ† -forwarding ้šŽๅฑค, ใ‹ใ„ใใ† -class, level, stratum, hierarchy ้–‹ๆ‹“, ใ‹ใ„ใŸใ -reclamation (of wasteland), cultivation, pioneer ไผš่ซ‡, ใ‹ใ„ใ ใ‚“ -conversation, conference, discussion, interview ๆ”นๅฎš, ใ‹ใ„ใฆใ„ -reform ๆ”น่จ‚, ใ‹ใ„ใฆใ„ -revision ่ก—้“, ใ‹ใ„ใฉใ† -highway ไป‹ๅ…ฅ, ใ‹ใ„ใซใ‚…ใ† -intervention ้–‹็™บ, ใ‹ใ„ใฏใค -development, exploitation ๆตทๆŠœ, ใ‹ใ„ใฐใค -height above sea level ไป‹ๆŠฑ, ใ‹ใ„ใปใ† -nursing, looking after ่งฃๅ‰–, ใ‹ใ„ใผใ† -dissection, autopsy ๅ›ž่ฆง, ใ‹ใ„ใ‚‰ใ‚“ -circulation ๆตทๆต, ใ‹ใ„ใ‚Šใ‚…ใ† -ocean current ๆ”น่‰ฏ, ใ‹ใ„ใ‚Šใ‚‡ใ† -improvement, reform ๅ›ž่ทฏ, ใ‹ใ„ใ‚ -circuit (electric) ้กงใฟใ‚‹, ใ‹ใˆใ‚Šใฟใ‚‹ -to look back, to turn around, to review ็œใฟใ‚‹, ใ‹ใˆใ‚Šใฟใ‚‹ -to reflect ่ฟ”ใ‚‹, ใ‹ใˆใ‚‹ -to return, to come back, to go back ้ก”ไป˜ใ, ใ‹ใŠใคใ -(outward) looks, features, face, countenance, expression ๆŽฒใ’ใ‚‹, ใ‹ใ‹ใ’ใ‚‹ -to publish, to print, to carry (an article), to put up, to hang out, to hoist, to fly (a sail), to float (a ่ธต, ใ‹ใ‹ใจ -(shoe) heel ไฟ‚ใ‚Š, ใ‹ใ‹ใ‚Š -official, duty, person in charge ่ชฒๅค–, ใ‹ใŒใ„ -extracurricular ๆ›ธใๅ–ใ‚Š, ใ‹ใใจใ‚Š -dictation ๆ›ธใๅ–ใ‚‹, ใ‹ใใจใ‚‹ -to write down, to take dictation, to take notes ๆŽปใๅ›žใ™, ใ‹ใใพใ‚ใ™ -to stir up, to churn, to ransack, to disturb ๆฌ ใ, ใ‹ใ -to lack, to break, to crack, to chip ่ง’, ใ‹ใ -1. angle, 2. bishop (shogi) ๆ ธ, ใ‹ใ -nucleus, kernel ๆ ผ, ใ‹ใ -status, character, case ไฝณๅฅ, ใ‹ใ -beautiful passage of literature ็”ป, ใ‹ใ -stroke ๆ ผๅทฎ, ใ‹ใใ• -qualitative difference, disparity ๆ‹กๆ•ฃ, ใ‹ใใ•ใ‚“ -scattering, diffusion ๅ„็จฎ, ใ‹ใใ—ใ‚… -every kind, all sorts ้š”้€ฑ, ใ‹ใใ—ใ‚…ใ† -every other week ็ขบไฟก, ใ‹ใใ—ใ‚“ -conviction, confidence ้ฉๆ–ฐ, ใ‹ใใ—ใ‚“ -reform, innovation ็ขบๅฎš, ใ‹ใใฆใ„ -definition (math), decision, settlement ็ฒๅพ—, ใ‹ใใจใ -acquisition, possession ็ขบไฟ, ใ‹ใใป -guarantee, ensure, maintain, insure, secure ้ฉๅ‘ฝ, ใ‹ใใ‚ใ„ -revolution ็ขบ็ซ‹, ใ‹ใใ‚Šใค -establishment ่ณญใ‘, ใ‹ใ‘ -betting, gambling, a gamble ๆŽ›ใ‘, ใ‹ใ‘ -credit ้ง†ใ‘่ถณ, ใ‹ใ‘ใ‚ใ— -running fast, double time ๅฎถ่จˆ, ใ‹ใ‘ใ„ -household economy, family finances ้ง†ใ‘ใฃใ“, ใ‹ใ‘ใฃใ“ -(foot) race ้ง†ใ‘ใ‚‹, ใ‹ใ‘ใ‚‹ -to run (race esp. horse), to gallop, to canter ่ณญใ‘ใ‚‹, ใ‹ใ‘ใ‚‹ -to wager, to bet, to risk, to stake, to gamble ๅŠ ๅทฅ, ใ‹ใ“ใ† -manufacturing, processing, treatment ๅŒ–ๅˆ, ใ‹ใ”ใ† -chemical combination ๅตฉๅผตใ‚‹, ใ‹ใ•ใฐใ‚‹ -to be bulky, to be unwieldy, to grow voluminous ๅตฉใ‚€, ใ‹ใ•ใ‚€ -to pile up, to increase ้ขจ่ปŠ, ใ‹ใ–ใใ‚‹ใพ -1. windmill, 2. pinwheel ็•ใพใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸ, ใ‹ใ—ใ“ใพใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸ -certainly! ่ฏๅฅข, ใ‹ใ—ใ‚ƒ -luxury, pomp, delicate, slender, gorgeous ็ฎ‡ๆ‰€, ใ‹ใ—ใ‚‡ -passage, place, point, part ็ซๅ‚ท, ใ‹ใ—ใ‚‡ใ† -burn, scald ็ฎ‡ๆกๆ›ธใ, ใ‹ใ˜ใ‚‡ใ†ใŒใ -itemized form, itemization ๅ™›ใ‚‹, ใ‹ใ˜ใ‚‹ -to chew, to bite (at), to gnaw, to nibble, to munch, to crunch, to have a smattering of ๅพฎใ‹, ใ‹ใ™ใ‹ -faint, dim, weak, indistinct, hazy, poor, wretched ้œžใ‚€, ใ‹ใ™ใ‚€ -to grow hazy, to be misty ๅŒ–ใ™ใ‚‹, ใ‹ใ™ใ‚‹ -to change into, to convert into, to transform, to be reduced, to influence, to improve (someone) ๆ“ฆใ‚‹, ใ‹ใ™ใ‚‹ -to touch lightly, to take a percentage (from) ็ซๆ˜Ÿ, ใ‹ใ›ใ„ -Mars (planet) ๅŒ–็Ÿณ, ใ‹ใ›ใ -fossil, petrifaction, fossilization ๆฒณๅท, ใ‹ใ›ใ‚“ -rivers ๅŒ–็นŠ, ใ‹ใ›ใ‚“ -synthetic fibres ้Ž็–Ž, ใ‹ใ -depopulation ้Žๅคš, ใ‹ใŸ -excess, superabundance ้›ฃใ„, ใ‹ใŸใ„ -difficult, hard ็‰‡ๆ€ใ„, ใ‹ใŸใŠใ‚‚ใ„ -unrequited love ๆ•ต, ใ‹ใŸใ -enemy, rival ๆฐ—่ณช, ใ‹ใŸใŽ -spirit, character, trait, temperament, disposition ็‰‡่จ€, ใ‹ใŸใ“ใจ -a smattering, talk like a baby, speak haltingly ็‰‡ไป˜ใ‘, ใ‹ใŸใฅใ‘ -tidying up, finishing ๅ‚พใ, ใ‹ใŸใถใ -to incline toward, to slant, to lurch, to heel over, to be disposed to, to trend toward, to be prone to, to ๅ‚พใ‘ใ‚‹, ใ‹ใŸใ‚€ใ‘ใ‚‹ -to incline, to list, to bend, to lean, to tip, to tilt, to slant, to concentrate on, to ruin (a country), to ๅ›บใ‚ใ‚‹, ใ‹ใŸใ‚ใ‚‹ -to harden, to freeze, to fortify ๅใ‚‹, ใ‹ใŸใ‚ˆใ‚‹ -to be one-sided, to incline, to be partial, to be prejudiced, to lean, to be biased ๅ‚ใ‚‰, ใ‹ใŸใ‚ใ‚‰ -beside(s), while, nearby ่ชฒ้กŒ, ใ‹ใ ใ„ -subject, theme, task ่Šฑๅฃ‡, ใ‹ใ ใ‚“ -flower bed ๅฎถ็•œ, ใ‹ใกใ -domestic animals, livestock, cattle ็”ปๆœŸ, ใ‹ใฃใ -epoch-making ๆดป็™บ, ใ‹ใฃใฑใค -vigor, active ไธ”ใค, ใ‹ใค -yet, and ๅ‰ฒ, ใ‹ใค -divide, cut, halve, separate, split, rip, break, crack, smash, dilute ๅ˜—ใฆ, ใ‹ใคใฆ -once, ever ๆ—ฅไป˜, ใ‹ใฅใ‘ -date, dating ้–€, ใ‹ใฉ -gate ๅถใ†, ใ‹ใชใ† -to come true (wish) ๅถใˆใ‚‹, ใ‹ใชใˆใ‚‹ -to grant (request wish) ้‡‘ๆงŒ, ใ‹ใชใฅใก -1. (iron) hammer, 2. punishment ้‰„ๆฃ’, ใ‹ใชใผใ† -iron rod, crowbar, horizontal bar (gymnastics) ๅฏๆˆ, ใ‹ใชใ‚Š -considerably, fairly, quite ๅŠ ๅ…ฅ, ใ‹ใซใ‚…ใ† -becoming a member, joining, entry, admission, subscription, affiliation, adherence, signing ้‡‘ๅบซ, ใ‹ใญใใ‚‰ -safe, vault, treasury, provider of funds ไบˆ่จ€, ใ‹ใญใ”ใจ -prediction, promise, prognostication ๅ…ผใญใฆ, ใ‹ใญใฆ -simultaneously ไธ‹็•ช, ใ‹ใฐใ‚“ -going off duty ไธ‹ๅ“, ใ‹ใฒใ‚“ -inferior article ่ฏ็พŽ, ใ‹ใณ -pomp, splendor, gaudiness ่Šฑ็ฒ‰, ใ‹ใตใ‚“ -pollen ๆ ชๅผ, ใ‹ใถใ—ใ -stock (company) ๆฐ—่งฆใ‚Œใ‚‹, ใ‹ใถใ‚Œใ‚‹ -to react to, to be influenced by, to go overboard for ่ฒจๅนฃ, ใ‹ใธใ„ -money, currency, coinage ๆง‹ใˆ, ใ‹ใพใˆ -posture, pose, style ๆง‹ใˆใ‚‹, ใ‹ใพใˆใ‚‹ -to set up ๅŠ ๅ‘ณ, ใ‹ใฟ -seasoning, flavoring ๅ™›ใฟๅˆ‡ใ‚‹, ใ‹ใฟใใ‚‹ -to bite off, to gnaw through ้Žๅฏ†, ใ‹ใฟใค -crowded ็“ถ, ใ‹ใ‚ -earthenware pot ใ‹ใ‚‚็Ÿฅใ‚Œใชใ„, ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใชใ„ -may, might, perhaps, may be, possibly ็ฒฅ, ใ‹ใ‚† -(rice) gruel ็—’ใ„, ใ‹ใ‚†ใ„ -itchy, itching ๆถๆ„ใ†, ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ‹ใ† -to ridicule, to tease, to banter with, to make fun of ่บซไฝ“, ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ  -the body ไฝ“ไป˜ใ, ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ ใคใ -body build, figure ็ตกใ‚€, ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ‚€ -to entangle, to entwine ๅ€Ÿใ‚Š, ใ‹ใ‚Š -borrowing, debt, loan ไธ‹ๅ, ใ‹ใ‚Š -lower official ๅŠ ็•™ๅคš, ใ‹ใ‚‹ใŸ -(pt:) (n) playing cards (pt: carta) ๆถธใ‚Œใ‚‹, ใ‹ใ‚Œใ‚‹ -to dry up, to run out ้ŽๅŠด, ใ‹ใ‚ใ† -overwork, strain ่พ›ใ†ใ˜ใฆ, ใ‹ใ‚ใ†ใ˜ใฆ -barely, narrowly, just manage to do st ๅด, ใ‹ใ‚ -side, row, surroundings, part, (watch) case ๅฏๆ„›ใ„, ใ‹ใ‚ใ„ใ„ -pretty, cute, lovely, charming, dear, darling, pet ๅฏๆ„›ใŒใ‚‹, ใ‹ใ‚ใ„ใŒใ‚‹ -to love, to be affectionate ๅฏๅ“€ๆƒณ, ใ‹ใ‚ใ„ใใ† -poor, pitiable, pathetic ๅฏๆ„›ใ‚‰ใ—ใ„, ใ‹ใ‚ใ„ใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ -lovely, sweet ไบคใ‚ใ™, ใ‹ใ‚ใ™ -to exchange (messages), to dodge, to parry, to avoid, to turn aside ไปฃใ‚ใ‚‹, ใ‹ใ‚ใ‚‹ -to take the place of, to relieve, to be substituted for, to be exchanged, to change places with, to take ไปฃใ‚ใ‚‹ไปฃใ‚ใ‚‹, ใ‹ใ‚ใ‚‹ใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ -alternately ไนพ, ใ‹ใ‚“ -heaven, emperor ็ฎก, ใ‹ใ‚“ -pipe, tube ๅนน, ใ‹ใ‚“ -(tree) trunk ๅ† , ใ‹ใ‚“ -crown, diadem, first, best, peerless, cap, naming, designating, initiating on coming of age, top character ra ่ฆณ, ใ‹ใ‚“ -look, appearance, spectacle ้คจ, ใ‹ใ‚“ -house, hall, building, hotel, inn, guesthouse ็ฐกๆ˜“, ใ‹ใ‚“ใ„ -simplicity, easiness, quasi- ๆ„Ÿๆ…จ, ใ‹ใ‚“ใŒใ„ -strong feelings, deep emotion ๅฏ’ๆฐ—, ใ‹ใ‚“ใ -cold, frost, chill ็ฐกๆฝ”, ใ‹ใ‚“ใ‘ใค -brevity, conciseness, simplicity ้‚„ๅ…ƒ, ใ‹ใ‚“ใ’ใ‚“ -resolution, reduction, return to origins ๅˆŠ่กŒ, ใ‹ใ‚“ใ“ใ† -publication, issue ๆ…ฃ่กŒ, ใ‹ใ‚“ใ“ใ† -customary practice, habit, traditional event ๅ‹งๅ‘Š, ใ‹ใ‚“ใ“ใ -advice, counsel, remonstrance, recommendation ็œ‹่ญท, ใ‹ใ‚“ใ” -nursing, (army) nurse ๆผข่ชž, ใ‹ใ‚“ใ” -Chinese word, Sino-Japanese word ๆ›็ฎ—, ใ‹ใ‚“ใ•ใ‚“ -conversion, change, exchange ็›ฃ่ฆ–, ใ‹ใ‚“ใ— -observation, guarding, inspection, surveillance ๆ…ฃ็ฟ’, ใ‹ใ‚“ใ—ใ‚…ใ† -usual (historical) custom ่ฆณ่ก†, ใ‹ใ‚“ใ—ใ‚…ใ† -spectators, onlookers, members of the audience ๅนฒๆธ‰, ใ‹ใ‚“ใ—ใ‚‡ใ† -interference, intervention ๆ„Ÿ่งฆ, ใ‹ใ‚“ใ—ใ‚‡ใ -sense of touch, feeling, sensation ่‚ๅฟƒ, ใ‹ใ‚“ใ˜ใ‚“ -essential, fundamental, crucial, vital, main ๆญ“ๅฃฐ, ใ‹ใ‚“ใ›ใ„ -cheer, shout of joy ๆ„ŸๆŸ“, ใ‹ใ‚“ใ›ใ‚“ -infection, contagion ๅนน็ทš, ใ‹ใ‚“ใ›ใ‚“ -main line, trunk line ้–ข็จŽ, ใ‹ใ‚“ใœใ„ -customs, duty, tariff ็ฐก็ด , ใ‹ใ‚“ใ -simplicity, plain ่ฆณ็‚น, ใ‹ใ‚“ใฆใ‚“ -point of view ๆ„Ÿๅบฆ, ใ‹ใ‚“ใฉ -sensitivity, severity (quake) ๅนน้ƒจ, ใ‹ใ‚“ใถ -management, (executive) staff, leaders ๅ‹˜ๅผ, ใ‹ใ‚“ในใ‚“ -pardon, forgiveness, forbearance ๅฎŒ็’ง, ใ‹ใ‚“ใบใ -perfection, completeness, flawless ๆ„Ÿ็„ก้‡, ใ‹ใ‚“ใ‚€ใ‚Šใ‚‡ใ† -deep feeling, inexpressible feeling, filled with emotion ๅ‹ง่ช˜, ใ‹ใ‚“ใ‚†ใ† -invitation, solicitation, canvassing, inducement, persuasion, encouragement ้–ขไธŽ, ใ‹ใ‚“ใ‚ˆ -participation, taking part in, participating in, being concerned in ๆ…ฃ็”จ, ใ‹ใ‚“ใ‚ˆใ† -common, customary ๅฏ›ๅฎน, ใ‹ใ‚“ใ‚ˆใ† -forbearance, tolerance, generosity ่ฆณ่ฆง, ใ‹ใ‚“ใ‚‰ใ‚“ -viewing ๅฎ˜ๅƒš, ใ‹ใ‚“ใ‚Šใ‚‡ใ† -bureaucrat, bureaucracy ๆ…ฃไพ‹, ใ‹ใ‚“ใ‚Œใ„ -custom, precedent, of convention ้‚„ๆšฆ, ใ‹ใ‚“ใ‚Œใ -60th birthday ่ฒซ็ฆ„, ใ‹ใ‚“ใ‚ใ -presence, dignity ็ทฉๅ’Œ, ใ‹ใ‚“ใ‚ -relief, mitigation ่“‹, ใŒใ„ -cover, lid, cap ่ก—, ใŒใ„ -~street, ~quarters ๅค–่ฒจ, ใŒใ„ใ‹ -imported goods, foreign money ๅค–่ฆณ, ใŒใ„ใ‹ใ‚“ -appearance, exterior, facade ๅค–็›ธ, ใŒใ„ใ—ใ‚‡ใ† -Foreign Minister ๅฎณใ™ใ‚‹, ใŒใ„ใ™ใ‚‹ -to injure, to damage, to harm, to kill, to hinder ๆฆ‚่ชฌ, ใŒใ„ใ›ใค -general statement, outline ่ฉฒๅฝ“, ใŒใ„ใจใ† -corresponding, answering to, coming under ่ก—้ ญ, ใŒใ„ใจใ† -in the street ๆฆ‚ๅฟต, ใŒใ„ใญใ‚“ -general idea, concept, notion ๅค–ๆฅ, ใŒใ„ใ‚‰ใ„ -imported, outpatient clinic ๆฆ‚็•ฅ, ใŒใ„ใ‚Šใ‚ƒใ -outline, summary, gist, in brief ๅญฆ่Šธ, ใŒใใ’ใ„ -arts and sciences, liberal arts ๅญฆๅฃซ, ใŒใใ— -university graduate ๅญฆ่ชฌ, ใŒใใ›ใค -theory ๆฅฝ่ญœ, ใŒใใต -score (music) ๅญฆๆญด, ใŒใใ‚Œใ -academic background ๅด–, ใŒใ‘ -cliff ้›…่‡ด, ใŒใก -artistry, good taste, elegance, grace ใŒใฃใใ‚Š -heartbroken ๅˆๅ”ฑ, ใŒใฃใ—ใ‚‡ใ† -chorus, singing in a chorus ใŒใฃใ—ใ‚Š -firmly, solidly, tough ๅˆ่‡ด, ใŒใฃใก -agreement, concurrence, conforming to ใŒใฃใกใ‚Š -solidly built, tightly, shrewd, calculating ๆœˆๆ—ฅ, ใŒใฃใด -(the) date ๅˆไฝต, ใŒใฃใบใ„ -combination, union, amalgamation, consolidation, merger, coalition, fusion, annexation, affiliation, incorpor ใŒใ‚‹ -feel ๅด, ใŒใ‚ -side, row, surroundings, part, (watch) case ็™Œ, ใŒใ‚“ -cancer ็œผ็ง‘, ใŒใ‚“ใ‹ -ophthalmology ็œผ็ƒ, ใŒใ‚“ใใ‚…ใ† -eyeball ็œผ้ก, ใŒใ‚“ใใ‚‡ใ† -spectacles, glasses ้ ‘ๅ›บ, ใŒใ‚“ใ“ -stubbornness, obstinacy ้ก˜ๆ›ธ, ใŒใ‚“ใ—ใ‚‡ -written application or petition ้ ‘ไธˆ, ใŒใ‚“ใ˜ใ‚‡ใ† -solid, firm, stout, burly, strong, sturdy ๅฒฉ็Ÿณ, ใŒใ‚“ใ›ใ -rock ๅ…ƒๅนด, ใŒใ‚“ใญใ‚“ -first year (of a specific reign) ่ด‹็‰ฉ, ใŒใ‚“ใถใค -imitation, counterfeit, forgery, sham ๅ…ƒๆฅ, ใŒใ‚“ใ‚‰ใ„ -originally, primarily, essentially, logically, naturally ็”Ÿ, ใ -pure, undiluted, raw, crude ๆœŸ, ใ -period, time ไผ็”ป, ใใ‹ใ -planning, project ่ฆๆ ผ, ใใ‹ใ -standard, norm ็€้ฃพใ‚‹, ใใ‹ใ–ใ‚‹ -to dress up ๅ™จๅฎ˜, ใใ‹ใ‚“ -organ (of body), instrument ๅญฃๅˆŠ, ใใ‹ใ‚“ -quarterly (e.g. magazine) ๅฑๅฎณ, ใใŒใ„ -injury, harm, danger ๆฐ—ๅ…ผใญ, ใใŒใญ -hesitance, diffidence, feeling constraint, fear of troubling someone, having scruples about doing someth ๆฐ—่ปฝ, ใใŒใ‚‹ -cheerful, buoyant, lighthearted ๅฑๆฉŸ, ใใ -crisis ่žใๅ–ใ‚Š, ใใใจใ‚Š -listening comprehension ๅŠนใ็›ฎ, ใใใ‚ -effect, virtue, efficacy, impression ๅธฐไบฌ, ใใใ‚‡ใ† -returning to Tokyo ๅŸบ้‡‘, ใใใ‚“ -fund, foundation ๆฃ„ๆจฉ, ใใ‘ใ‚“ -abstain from voting, renunciation of a right ๅ–œๅЇ, ใใ’ใ -comedy, funny show ่ตทๆบ, ใใ’ใ‚“ -origin, beginning, rise ๆฉŸๆง‹, ใใ“ใ† -mechanism, organization ๆ—ขๅฉš, ใใ“ใ‚“ -marriage, married ่จ˜่ผ‰, ใใ•ใ„ -mention, entry ๆฐ—้šœ, ใใ– -affectation, conceit, snobbery ๅ…†ใ—, ใใ–ใ— -signs, omen, symptoms ๅ…†, ใใ–ใ— -signs, omen, symptoms ่ป‹ใ‚€, ใใ—ใ‚€ -to jar, to creak, to grate ๆฐ—่ฑก, ใใ—ใ‚‡ใ† -weather, climate ๆœŸๆ—ฅ, ใใ˜ใค -fixed date, settlement date ่จ˜่ฟฐ, ใใ˜ใ‚…ใค -describing, descriptor ๅฅ‡ๆ•ฐ, ใใ™ใ† -odd number ็ฏ‰ใ, ใใšใ -to build, to pile up, to amass ๅ‚ทไป˜ใ, ใใšใคใ -to be hurt, to be wounded, to get injured ่ฆๅˆถ, ใใ›ใ„ -regulation ๆฑฝ่ˆน, ใใ›ใ‚“ -steamship ๅฏ„่ดˆ, ใใใ† -donation, presentation ่ฒดๆ—, ใใžใ -noble, aristocrat ้›ใˆใ‚‹, ใใŸใˆใ‚‹ -to forge, to drill, to temper, to train, to discipline ๆฅใ‚‹, ใใŸใ‚‹ -to come, to arrive, to be due to, to be next, to be forthcoming ๆฐ—็ซ‹ใฆ, ใใ ใฆ -disposition, nature ใใกใฃใจ -exactly, perfectly ๅ‡ ๅธณ้ข, ใใกใ‚‡ใ†ใ‚ใ‚“ -methodical, punctual, steady ๅˆ‡ใฃๆŽ›ใ‘, ใใฃใ‹ใ‘ -chance, start, cue, excuse, motive, impetus, occasion ใใฃใ‹ใ‚Š -exactly, precisely ๅ–ซ่Œถ, ใใฃใ• -tea drinking, tea house ใใฃใกใ‚Š -precisely, tightly ๅฑนๅบฆ, ใใฃใจ -1. (uk) surely, undoubtedly, certainly, without fail, 2. sternly, severely ใใฃใฑใ‚Š -clearly, plainly, distinctly ่ฆๅฎš, ใใฆใ„ -regulation, provisions ่ตท็‚น, ใใฆใ‚“ -starting point ่ปŒ้“, ใใฉใ† -orbit, railroad track ็”ฒ, ใใฎใˆ -1st in rank, first sign of the Chinese calendar, shell, instep, grade A ๆฐ—้…, ใใฏใ„ -indication, market trend, worry ่ฆ็ฏ„, ใใฏใ‚“ -model, standard, pattern, norm, criterion, example ๆฐ—ๅ“, ใใฒใ‚“ -aroma ๆฐ—้ขจ, ใใตใ† -character, traits, ethos ่ตทไผ, ใใตใ -undulation ่ฆๆจก, ใใผ -scale, scope, plan, structure ๆฐ—ใพใใ‚Œ, ใใพใใ‚Œ -whim, caprice, whimsy, fickle, moody, uneven temper ็”Ÿ็œŸ้ข็›ฎ, ใใพใ˜ใ‚ -too serious, person who is too serious, honesty, sincerity ๆœŸๆœซ, ใใพใค -end of term ๆฑบใพใ‚Šๆ‚ชใ„, ใใพใ‚Šใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ -feeling awkward, being ashamed ๆฑบใพใ‚‹, ใใพใ‚‹ -to be decided, to be settled, to look good in (clothes) ่จ˜ๅ, ใใ‚ใ„ -signature, register ่„š่‰ฒ, ใใ‚ƒใใ—ใ‚‡ใ -dramatization (e.g. film) ่„šๆœฌ, ใใ‚ƒใใปใ‚“ -scenario ๅฎข่ฆณ, ใใ‚ƒใฃใ‹ใ‚“ -objective ่ฆ็ด„, ใใ‚„ใ -agreement, rules, code ๆ•‘ๆด, ใใ‚…ใ†ใˆใ‚“ -relief, rescue, reinforcement ไผ‘ๅญฆ, ใใ‚…ใ†ใŒใ -temporary absence from school, suspension ็ฉถๆฅต, ใใ‚…ใ†ใใ‚‡ใ -ultimate, final, eventual ็ชฎๅฑˆ, ใใ‚…ใ†ใใค -narrow, tight, stiff, rigid, uneasy, formal, constrained ็ƒๆ น, ใใ‚…ใ†ใ“ใ‚“ -(plant) bulb ๆ•‘ๆธˆ, ใใ‚…ใ†ใ•ใ„ -relief, aid, rescue, salvation, help ็ตฆ้ฃŸ, ใใ‚…ใ†ใ—ใ‚‡ใ -school lunch, providing a meal ็ตฆไป•, ใใ‚…ใ†ใ˜ -office boy (girl), page, waiter ไผ‘ๆˆฆ, ใใ‚…ใ†ใ›ใ‚“ -truce, armistice ๆ—ง็Ÿฅ, ใใ‚…ใ†ใก -old friend, old friendship ๅฎฎๆฎฟ, ใใ‚…ใ†ใงใ‚“ -palace ็ชฎไน, ใใ‚…ใ†ใผใ† -poverty ไธ˜้™ต, ใใ‚…ใ†ใ‚Šใ‚‡ใ† -hill ๅ…ฑ, ใใ‚‡ใ† -both, neither (neg), all, and, as well as, including, with, together with, plural ending ไพ›, ใใ‚‡ใ† -offer, present, submit, serve (a meal), supply ้ฉš็•ฐ, ใใ‚‡ใ†ใ„ -wonder, miracle ๆ•™ๅ“ก, ใใ‚‡ใ†ใ„ใ‚“ -teaching staff ๆ•™็ง‘, ใใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ -subject, curriculum ๅ”ไผš, ใใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ใ„ -association, society, organization ๅ…ฑๆ„Ÿ, ใใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ใ‚“ -sympathy, response ๅ…ฑๅญฆ, ใใ‚‡ใ†ใŒใ -coeducation ๅ”่ญฐ, ใใ‚‡ใ†ใŽ -conference, consultation, discussion, negotiation ๆ•™่จ“, ใใ‚‡ใ†ใใ‚“ -lesson, precept, moral instruction ๅขƒ้‡, ใใ‚‡ใ†ใใ† -environment, circumstances ๅผท่กŒ, ใใ‚‡ใ†ใ“ใ† -forcing, enforcement ๅผท็กฌ, ใใ‚‡ใ†ใ“ใ† -firm, vigorous, unbending, unyielding, strong, stubborn ๅ‡ถไฝœ, ใใ‚‡ใ†ใ•ใ -bad harvest, poor crop ๅ…ฑ็”ฃ, ใใ‚‡ใ†ใ•ใ‚“ -communism ๆ•™ๆ, ใใ‚‡ใ†ใ–ใ„ -teaching materials ๆ•™็ฟ’, ใใ‚‡ใ†ใ—ใ‚…ใ† -training, instruction ้ƒทๆ„, ใใ‚‡ใ†ใ—ใ‚…ใ† -nostalgia, homesickness ๆ•™่ท, ใใ‚‡ใ†ใ—ใ‚‡ใ -teaching certificate, the teaching profession ไบซๅ—, ใใ‚‡ใ†ใ˜ใ‚… -reception, acceptance, enjoyment, being given ่ˆˆใ˜ใ‚‹, ใใ‚‡ใ†ใ˜ใ‚‹ -to amuse oneself, to make merry ๅผทๅˆถ, ใใ‚‡ใ†ใ›ใ„ -obligation, coercion, compulsion, enforcement ๅ…ฑๅญ˜, ใใ‚‡ใ†ใใ‚“ -coexistence ๅง‰ๅฆน, ใใ‚‡ใ†ใ ใ„ -sisters ๅ”่ชฟ, ใใ‚‡ใ†ใกใ‚‡ใ† -co-operation, conciliation, harmony, firm (market) tone ๅ”ๅฎš, ใใ‚‡ใ†ใฆใ„ -arrangement, pact, agreement ่„…่ฟซ, ใใ‚‡ใ†ใฏใ -threat, menace, coercion, terrorism ๅ…ฑ้ณด, ใใ‚‡ใ†ใ‚ใ„ -resonance, sympathy ้ƒท้‡Œ, ใใ‚‡ใ†ใ‚Š -birth-place, home town ๅผท็ƒˆ, ใใ‚‡ใ†ใ‚Œใค -strong, intense, severe ๅ…ฑๅ’Œ, ใใ‚‡ใ†ใ‚ -republicanism, cooperation ๆ›ฒ, ใใ‚‡ใ -tune, piece of music ๅฑ€้™, ใใ‚‡ใใ’ใ‚“ -limit, localize ๆฅต็ซฏ, ใใ‚‡ใใŸใ‚“ -extreme, extremity ๅฑ…ไฝ, ใใ‚‡ใ˜ใ‚…ใ† -residence ๆ‹’็ตถ, ใใ‚‡ใœใค -refusal, rejection ๆ‹’ๅฆ, ใใ‚‡ใฒ -denial, veto, rejection, refusal ่จฑๅฎน, ใใ‚‡ใ‚ˆใ† -permission, pardon ่ท้›ข, ใใ‚‡ใ‚Š -distance, range ๅฏ„ไธŽ, ใใ‚ˆ -contribution, service ๆธ…ใ‚‰ใ‹, ใใ‚ˆใ‚‰ใ‹ -clean, pure, chaste ๆฐ—ๆฅฝ, ใใ‚‰ใ -at ease, comfortable ็…Œใณใ‚„ใ‹, ใใ‚‰ใณใ‚„ใ‹ -gorgeous, gaudy, dazzling, gay ๅˆ‡ใ‚Š, ใใ‚Š -limits, end, bounds, period, place to leave off, closing sentence, all there is, only, since ๆก, ใใ‚Š -paulownia tree ๅˆ‡ใ‚Šๆ›ฟใˆใ‚‹, ใใ‚Šใ‹ใˆใ‚‹ -to change, to exchange, to convert, to renew, to throw a switch, to replace, to switch over ๆฐ—ๆต, ใใ‚Šใ‚…ใ† -atmospheric current ๅฅ‡้บ—, ใใ‚Œใ„ -pretty, clean, nice, tidy, beautiful, fair ๅˆ‡ใ‚Œ็›ฎ, ใใ‚Œใ‚ -break, pause, gap, end, rift, interruption, cut, section, notch, incision, end (of a task) ้š›, ใใ‚ -edge, brink, verge, side ๆœจ็ถฟ, ใใ‚ใŸ -cotton ๆฅตใ‚ใฆ, ใใ‚ใ‚ใฆ -exceedingly, extremely ๅƒ…, ใใ‚“ -a little, small quantity ่ฟ‘็œผ, ใใ‚“ใŒใ‚“ -nearsightedness, shortsightedness, myopia ็ทŠๆ€ฅ, ใใ‚“ใใ‚…ใ† -urgent, pressing, emergency ่ฟ‘ใ€…, ใใ‚“ใใ‚“ -nearness, before long ่ฟ‘้ƒŠ, ใใ‚“ใ“ใ† -suburbs, outskirts ๅ‡่กก, ใใ‚“ใ“ใ† -equilibrium, balance ่ฟ‘่ฆ–, ใใ‚“ใ— -shortsightedness ็ฆใ˜ใ‚‹, ใใ‚“ใ˜ใ‚‹ -to prohibit ็ฆใšใ‚‹, ใใ‚“ใšใ‚‹ -to forbid, to suppress ๅ‹คๅ‹‰, ใใ‚“ในใ‚“ -industry, diligence ๅ‹คๅ‹™, ใใ‚“ใ‚€ -service, duty, work ็ฆ็‰ฉ, ใใ‚“ใ‚‚ใค -taboo, forbidden thing ๅ‹คๅŠด, ใใ‚“ใ‚ใ† -labor, exertion, diligent service ่ญฐๆกˆ, ใŽใ‚ใ‚“ -legislative bill ๆˆฏๆ›ฒ, ใŽใใ‚‡ใ -play, drama ่ญฐๆฑบ, ใŽใ‘ใค -resolution, decision, vote ่ญฐไบ‹ๅ ‚, ใŽใ˜ใฉใ† -Diet building ็Š ็‰ฒ, ใŽใ›ใ„ -sacrifice ๅฝ้€ , ใŽใžใ† -forgery, falsification, fabrication, counterfeiting ่ญฐ้กŒ, ใŽใ ใ„ -topic of discussion, agenda ๆŠ€่ƒฝ, ใŽใฎใ† -technical skill, ability, capacity ้€†่ปข, ใŽใ‚ƒใใฆใ‚“ -(sudden) change, reversal, turn-around, coming from behind (baseball) ่กŒ, ใŽใ‚‡ใ† -line, row, verse ๆฅญ่€…, ใŽใ‚‡ใ†ใ—ใ‚ƒ -trader, merchant ่กŒๆ”ฟ, ใŽใ‚‡ใ†ใ›ใ„ -administration ๆฅญ็ธพ, ใŽใ‚‡ใ†ใ›ใ -achievement, performance, results, work, contribution ๆฅญๅ‹™, ใŽใ‚‡ใ†ใ‚€ -business, affairs, duties, work ็މ, ใŽใ‚‡ใ -king (shogi) ๆผ่ˆน, ใŽใ‚‡ใ›ใ‚“ -fishing boat ๆผๆ‘, ใŽใ‚‡ใใ‚“ -fishing village ็พฉ็†, ใŽใ‚Š -duty, sense of duty, honor, decency, courtesy, debt of gratitude, social obligation ็–‘ๆƒ‘, ใŽใ‚ใ -doubt, misgivings, distrust, suspicion ๅŸๅ‘ณ, ใŽใ‚“ใฟ -testing, scrutiny, careful investigation ๅŒบ, ใ -ward, district, section ้ฃŸใ„้•ใ†, ใใ„ใกใŒใ† -to cross each other, to run counter to, to differ, to clash, to go awry ็ฉบ่…น, ใใ†ใตใ -hunger ๅŒบ็”ป, ใใ‹ใ -division, section, compartment, boundary, area, block ๅŒบ้–“, ใใ‹ใ‚“ -section (of track etc) ่ŒŽ, ใใ -stalk ๅŒบๅˆ‡ใ‚Š, ใใŽใ‚Š -an end, a stop, punctuation ๆฝœใ‚‹, ใใใ‚‹ -1. to drive, to pass through, 2. to evade, to hide, 3. to dive (into or under water), to go undergro ็จฎใ€…, ใใ•ใใ• -variety ๅš, ใใ—ใ‚ƒใฟ -sneeze ๆ—งไบ‹, ใใ˜ -past events, bygones ็ฑคๅผ•, ใใ˜ใณใ -lottery, drawn lot ๆ“ฝใใฃใŸใ„, ใใ™ใใฃใŸใ„ -ticklish ่‰่‡ฅใ‚Œใ‚‹, ใใŸใณใ‚Œใ‚‹ -to get tired, to wear out ไธ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ„, ใใ ใ‚‰ใชใ„ -good-for-nothing, stupid, trivial, worthless ไปถ, ใใ ใ‚“ -example, precedent, the usual, the said, the above-mentioned, (man) in question ๅฃใšใ•ใ‚€, ใใกใšใ•ใ‚€ -to hum something, to sing to oneself ๅ˜ด, ใใกใฐใ— -beak, bill ๆœฝใกใ‚‹, ใใกใ‚‹ -to rot ใใฃใใ‚Š -distinctly, clearly, boldly ๅฑˆๆŠ˜, ใใฃใ›ใค -bending, indentation, refraction ใใฃไป˜ใ, ใใฃใคใ -to adhere to, to keep close to ใใฃไป˜ใ‘ใ‚‹, ใใฃใคใ‘ใ‚‹ -to attach ่ฆ†ใ™, ใใคใŒใˆใ™ -to overturn, to upset, to overthrow, to undermine ่ซ„ใ„, ใใฉใ„ -verbose, importunate, heavy (taste) ๅ›ฝๅขƒ, ใใซใ–ใ‹ใ„ -national or state border ้ฆ–้ฃพใ‚Š, ใใณใ‹ใ–ใ‚Š -necklace ้ฆ–่ผช, ใใณใ‚ -necklace, choker ็ต„ใฟๅˆใ‚ใ›, ใใฟใ‚ใ‚ใ› -combination ็ต„ใฟๅˆใ‚ใ›ใ‚‹, ใใฟใ‚ใ‚ใ›ใ‚‹ -to join together, to combine, to join up ็ต„ใฟ่พผใ‚€, ใใฟใ“ใ‚€ -to insert, to include, to cut in (printing) ่”ต, ใใ‚‰ -warehouse, cellar, magazine, granary, godown, depository, treasury, elevator ่‹ฆใ—ใ‚ใ‚‹, ใใ‚‹ใ—ใ‚ใ‚‹ -to torment, to harass, to inflict pain ๅŒ…ใ‚€, ใใ‚‹ใ‚€ -to be engulfed in, to be enveloped by, to wrap up, to tuck in, to pack, to do up, to cover with, to dress i ๅ‘‰ใ‚Œๅ‘‰ใ‚Œใ‚‚, ใใ‚Œใใ‚Œใ‚‚ -repeatedly, sincerely, earnestly ๅ‘‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹, ใใ‚Œใ‚‹ -to give, to let one have, to do for one, to be given ็Ž„ไบบ, ใใ‚ใ†ใจ -expert, professional, geisha, prostitute ้ป’ๅญ—, ใใ‚ใ˜ -balance (figure) in the black ๅ›ไธป, ใใ‚“ใ—ใ‚… -ruler, monarch ๆ„š็—ด, ใใก -idle complaint, grumble ใใฃใจ -firmly, fast, much, more ใใ‚‰ใ„ -approximately ็พค, ใใ‚“ -group (math) ่ป่‰ฆ, ใใ‚“ใ‹ใ‚“ -warship, battleship ็พค้›†, ใใ‚“ใ—ใ‚…ใ† -(social) group, crowd, throng, mob, multitude ่ปไบ‹, ใใ‚“ใ˜ -military affairs ่ปๅ‚™, ใใ‚“ใณ -armaments, military preparations ่ปๆœ, ใใ‚“ใทใ -military or naval uniform ๅˆ‘, ใ‘ใ„ -penalty, sentence, punishment ้ ƒ, ใ‘ใ„ -time, about, toward, approximately (time) ๅ‚พ, ใ‘ใ„ -lean, incline ็ณป, ใ‘ใ„ -system, lineage, group ็ตŒ้Ž, ใ‘ใ„ใ‹ -passage, expiration, progress ่ปฝๅฟซ, ใ‘ใ„ใ‹ใ„ -rhythmical (e.g. melody), casual (e.g. dress), light, nimble ่ญฆๆˆ’, ใ‘ใ„ใ‹ใ„ -warning, admonition, vigilance ่จˆๅ™จ, ใ‘ใ„ใ -meter, gauge ๅฅ‘ๆฉŸ, ใ‘ใ„ใ -opportunity, chance ๆ•ฌๅ…ท, ใ‘ใ„ใ -Sincerely yours ่ปฝๆธ›, ใ‘ใ„ใ’ใ‚“ -abatement ๆŽฒ่ผ‰, ใ‘ใ„ใ•ใ„ -appearance (e.g. article in paper) ๅ‚พๆ–œ, ใ‘ใ„ใ—ใ‚ƒ -inclination, slant, slope, bevel, list, dip ๅฝขๆˆ, ใ‘ใ„ใ›ใ„ -formation ๅฝขๅ‹ข, ใ‘ใ„ใ›ใ„ -condition, situation, prospects ่ปฝ็އ, ใ‘ใ„ใใค -rash, thoughtless, careless, hasty ๆบๅธฏ, ใ‘ใ„ใŸใ„ -carrying something ๅฝขๆ…‹, ใ‘ใ„ใŸใ„ -form, shape, figure ๅˆ‘็ฝฐ, ใ‘ใ„ใฐใค -judgement, penalty, punishment ็ตŒ่ฒป, ใ‘ใ„ใฒ -expenses, cost, outlay ่ญฆ้ƒจ, ใ‘ใ„ใถ -police inspector ่ปฝ่”‘, ใ‘ใ„ในใค -scorn, disdain ็ตŒๆญด, ใ‘ใ„ใ‚Œใ -personal history, career ็ตŒ่ทฏ, ใ‘ใ„ใ‚ -course, route, channel ๆฑšใ™, ใ‘ใŒใ™ -to disgrace, to dishonour ๆฑšใ‚‰ใ‚ใ—ใ„, ใ‘ใŒใ‚‰ใ‚ใ—ใ„ -filthy, unfair ๆฑšใ‚Œ, ใ‘ใŒใ‚Œ -uncleanness, impurity, disgrace ๆฑšใ‚Œใ‚‹, ใ‘ใŒใ‚Œใ‚‹ -to get dirty, to become dirty ็ฃ, ใ‘ใ ใ‚‚ใฎ -beast, brute ๅๅ—‡, ใ‘ใก -stinginess, miser, miserliness, skinflint, tightwad, niggard, pinching pennies ็ตๆ ธ, ใ‘ใฃใ‹ใ -tuberculosis, tubercule ่ก€็ฎก, ใ‘ใฃใ‹ใ‚“ -blood vessel ๆฑบ่กŒ, ใ‘ใฃใ“ใ† -doing (with resolve), carrying out (i.e. a plan) ๆฑบ็ฎ—, ใ‘ใฃใ•ใ‚“ -balance sheet, settlement of accounts ๆฑบๅ‹, ใ‘ใฃใ—ใ‚‡ใ† -decision of a contest, finals (in sports) ็ตๆ™ถ, ใ‘ใฃใ—ใ‚‡ใ† -crystal, crystallization ็ตๆˆ, ใ‘ใฃใ›ใ„ -formation ็ตๆŸ, ใ‘ใฃใใ -union, unity ๅ‚‘, ใ‘ใค -excellence ๆฑบๆ„, ใ‘ใคใ„ -decision, determination ๆฑบ่ญฐ, ใ‘ใคใŽ -resolution, vote, decision ็ตๅˆ, ใ‘ใคใ”ใ† -combination, union ๆฑบๆ–ญ, ใ‘ใคใ ใ‚“ -decision, determination ๆฌ ไน, ใ‘ใคใผใ† -want, shortage, famine ่นด้ฃ›ใฐใ™, ใ‘ใจใฐใ™ -to kick away, to kick off, to kick (someone), to refuse, to reject ่ฒถใ™, ใ‘ใชใ™ -to speak ill of ็…™ใŸใ„, ใ‘ใ‚€ใŸใ„ -smoky, feeling awkward ็…™ใ‚‹, ใ‘ใ‚€ใ‚‹ -to smoke (e.g. fire) ๅฎถๆฅ, ใ‘ใ‚‰ใ„ -retainer, retinue, servant ใ‘ใ‚Œใฉ -but, however ๅœ, ใ‘ใ‚“ -sphere, circle, range ๆจฉ, ใ‘ใ‚“ -authority, the right (to do something) ๆจฉๅจ, ใ‘ใ‚“ใ„ -authority, power, influence ๅ…ผๆฅญ, ใ‘ใ‚“ใŽใ‚‡ใ† -side line, second business ๆจฉ้™, ใ‘ใ‚“ใ’ใ‚“ -power, authority, jurisdiction ๅฅๅœจ, ใ‘ใ‚“ใ–ใ„ -in good health, well ๆ‡ธ่ณž, ใ‘ใ‚“ใ—ใ‚‡ใ† -offering prizes, winning, reward ๆคœไบ‹, ใ‘ใ‚“ใ˜ -public prosecutor ๅฅๅ…จ, ใ‘ใ‚“ใœใ‚“ -health, soundness, wholesome ่ฆ‹ๅœฐ, ใ‘ใ‚“ใก -point of view ่ณขๆ˜Ž, ใ‘ใ‚“ใ‚ใ„ -wisdom, intelligence, prudence ๅ€น็ด„, ใ‘ใ‚“ใ‚„ใ -thrift, economy, frugality ๅ…ผ็”จ, ใ‘ใ‚“ใ‚ˆใ† -multi-use, combined use, combination, serving two purposes ๆจฉๅŠ›, ใ‘ใ‚“ใ‚Šใ‚‡ใ -power

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